The Changing Meaning of School

The Changing Meaning of School The Changing Meaning of School The Changing Meaning of School By Maeve Maddox Since Shakespeare’s time at least, children have been portrayed as being reluctant to go to school: the whining school-boy with his satchel And shining morning face, creeping like snail Unwillingly to school.  - As You Like It, II:vii,148-150. That’s a sad fate for school, a word that originated in the context of enjoyable leisure time. Our word school comes from Latin schola, â€Å"learned leisure.† Schola was free time during which educated men could sit around and talk about ideas. The talk might lead to lecturing and arguing, so from meaning â€Å"free time for talking about ideas,† schola came to mean debate, dispute, lecture, dissertation. More and more definitions were added. A schola could be â€Å"a place where learned disputations are carried on.† Then, the followers of a favorite lecturer or philosopher were called â€Å"a schola.† Note: School in the expression â€Å"a school of fish† derives from Middle Dutch schole, â€Å"flock of animals.† In modern English, school has numerous meanings and occurs in several idioms. School can mean any of the following: An establishment or institution for the formal education of children or young people. The building or set of buildings used by a school. A place, environment, experience, etc., which forms or develops a persons character or behavior. A group of people who follow or are influenced by the teaching of a particular person, or who share similar principles, ideas, or methods. A group of people who share a particular opinion, practice, or custom. A particular type of doctrine or practice as followed by a group of people. An institution in which instruction of a particular kind is given. A department in a college or university. Here are a few examples of these different uses: A painting of Mary Stuart by an unknown artist of the School of Clouet hangs at the Hermitage, St. Petersburg. Spenser  earned his degree  in the  school of hard knocks, so he is ready when a Boston university hires him to recover a rare, stolen manuscript. You have to understand,  hes definitely old school when it comes to  understanding different cultures. This is a discussion of Marxism-Leninism as a  school of thought as opposed to a political practice. The Colorado School of Mines Board of Trustees announced that  Paul C. Johnson  is the finalist for president of Colorado School of Mines. The Missouri  School of Journalism at  University of Missouri in Columbia is a journalism school which may be the oldest formal journalism school in the world. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Types of RhymeProved vs. ProvenInspiring vs. Inspirational

9 Types of Functional Variation

9 Types of Functional Variation 9 Types of Functional Variation 9 Types of Functional Variation By Mark Nichol Usually, we easily identify a word’s part of speech, but a given word’s grammatical category can shift, or one form of the word can differ in meaning from another, in a process called functional variation. For example, note the change in meaning of fly in the following sentences: â€Å"He caught a fly† (noun), â€Å"He caught a fly ball† (adjective), â€Å"He will fly there tonight† (verb), and â€Å"He caught the ball on the fly† (part of an adverbial phrase). These and other types of functional variation are described below: 1. Nouns as Adjectives Nouns are frequently employed to modify other nouns (for example, in â€Å"light fixture,† â€Å"grape jam,† and â€Å"railroad track†). However, problems include ambiguous usage, such as in the phrase â€Å"box set,† which can mean â€Å"a set in a box† (and is therefore better rendered â€Å"boxed set†) or â€Å"a set of boxes,† and adjective stacking, or employing an excessive series of nouns as adjectives. 2. Adjectives as Nouns The reverse can take place, as when a phrase such as â€Å"a hypothetical situation† is truncated to the adjective turned noun hypothetical or when a person or a group is identified, for example, as in â€Å"the homeless.† 3. Nouns as Verbs This type of transformation is ubiquitous in the business world and in other jargon-friendly environments, where terms for things such as impact, mainstream, and text become action words. 4. Verbs as Nouns Present participles such as laughing are employed as nouns: In â€Å"Who was laughing?† laughing is a verb; however, it’s a noun in â€Å"Did you hear that laughing?† (although it would be better to use the noun laughter). 5. Verbs as Adjectives Participles also serve as adjectives. To use the previous example, laughing can also modify a noun, as in â€Å"See that laughing girl?† (although one could also write, â€Å"See that girl laughing?†). 6. Adjectives as Verbs Such shifts are so rare that the only ones that occur to me are terms I occasionally use in these posts: lowercase and uppercase, as in â€Å"Lowercase job titles after a name,† in which lowercase refers to an action involving job titles, rather than describing a type of treatment of a job title. 7. Prepositions as Adverbs When one refers, for example, to â€Å"calling up reserves† or â€Å"casting off from the dock,† one is using idiomatic phrasal verbs to describe how calling or casting occurs, though some phrasal verbs are merely figurative; â€Å"calling up,† for example, involves no upward movement, while â€Å"casting off† literally results in one no longer being on the dock. 8. Conjunctions as Prepositions In rare cases, a conjunction can serve as a preposition, as when but, which usually functions as a conjunction, as in â€Å"I was there, but I didn’t see you,† is employed as a synonym for except, as in â€Å"Everyone but you has agreed.† 9. Various Parts of Speech as Interjections Most parts of speech can serve as an interruptive or exclamatory term, including nouns (â€Å"Dude!†), pronouns (â€Å"Me!), verbs (â€Å"See?†), adjectives (â€Å"Wonderful!†), and adverbs (â€Å"Slowly!†). Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Fly, Flew, (has) FlownFlied?15 Great Word Games10 Tips for Clean, Clear Writing

Sigma Motion Inc. Application #4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sigma Motion Inc. Application #4 - Essay Example The founder of the company, Ron Burton, is an experienced businessman in the linear motion products environment and he inherited the skills running family business from his father. The impression from the case is that, the Burton family incorporated nonfamily management in its desire for the company’s success. Alderson (95) points out that engagement of nonfamily management in family business is an important practice in ensuring continuity of business activities in case the successor is not fully prepared to assume the top leadership position. In reality, for a family business to be successful, there must be proper coordination between the family and the external workforce. According to the case, Sigma Motion Inc had several competitive advantages that gave room for its continued success. These competitive advantages included its small size, competent engineering team, high quality of products, customization of services, a wide product line and a proficient management team. Essentially, the small size of the company facilitated apt reaction to customer requests and market changes. In addition, with a well established and competent engineering team, the company was able to diligently handle technical issues and give prompt advice to customers. In essence proper handling of customers has the impact of developing customer loyalty and consequently providing a wider market. Provision of high quality products and a five year warrant plan by the company contributed to its better performance than its competitors. The establishment of a deep production line facilitated rapid business growth and sustainable product development. Consequently, establishment of a p roficient management team composed of internal family members and external mangers was a significant step to ensuring long stay of the company in the linear motion

Behavioural Program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Behavioural Program - Essay Example Operant conditioning is founded on the premise that behavior can either be reinforced or eliminated by introducing or removing a certain commodity or thing that the subject is used to. Operant conditioning among children is usually done by eliminating the thing that they love the most such as attention. Many people have asserted that this is an authoritarian approach to raising children. However, what most of them do not realize is that the method actually works. Operant conditioning has caused behavioral transformations among various cases and the same can occur to Claire. (Dennis & Pennce, 2008) This behavioral program will be created by manipulation of Claire’s consequences so as to attain the desired result; in this case it will be to deal with Claire’s tantrum issues and her behavior which is verbally and socially inappropriate. The method will combine the efforts of Claires parents and external behavioral experts such as a child psychotherapist. The reason for choosing an external party is that Claire will have time away from her parents where she can learn appropriate behavior without interruptions from her parents. The program is a combination of extinction and mild punishment where extinction refers to the complete elimination of temper tantrums; an issuer that is very possible as asserted by some behavioral experts. Claire will be taken into a room where she will stay there for a certain amounts of weeks. Consequently, this program will involve some kind of social contact that may eventually lead to positive reinforcements at the beginning of the session. However, with the continual application of the program, social contacts will be reduced to a bear minimum where Claire will not get a chance to interact with other persons after she begins exhibiting undesirable behavior. The program will also allow differential reinforcement in that when Claire

Resistance to Change Essay Example for Free

Resistance to Change Essay Introduction – Change Concept Resistance to change is a response given by individuals or groups when they perceive that a change occurring is a threat to them, (â€Å"Resistance to Change†, 2002). Resistance to change from employees can cause the change initiative to fail as a result of not properly implementing the change strategy. Approach – Change Agent In order to implement change effectively in an organization, it is very important for a change agent to know the signs of resistance before developing a plan. Having the knowledge of how employees may respond to change will aid a change agent in developing a strategy to prevent or even reduce the effects of resistance. Resistance to change can best be handled by proposing a meeting with lower-level employees and gaining some insight in regards to their feelings towards the change. In other words, a change agent can direct upper-management to meet with employees to discuss the changes that must be implemented in the organization and why the changes are important. Employees should also know how these changes will affect their day-to-day operations, such as, changes in specific duties/tasks or even schedules. Research Plan The direction in research will be to gain a better understanding as to why an effective strategy to preventing resistance to change can be incorporated in a change agent’s approach. In concluding the document, the reader should be able to notice the signs of resistance, develop a better strategy to prevent or reduce resistance, and implement the change agent’s plan effectively. References 1. Palmer, Ian et al. (2008). Managing Organizational Change, 2nd Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Learning Solutions. The course text is the basis for this research paper. It provides all the necessary information to formulate what resistance to change entails. 2. N/A – due to being unsure as to what other references will provide the best or most important information on the topic.

What is Wisdom? Essay example -- essay on wisdom

Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary defines the word wisdom as â€Å"the quality of being wise; power of judging rightly and following the soundest course of action, based on knowledge, experience, understanding, etc.; good judgment; sagacity (penetrating intelligence and sound judgment).† In this paper, I will present my interpretation of one instance of how wisdom is obtained and hopefully passed on. I perceive wisdom as the ability to make the best decision or select the best course of action according to the current situation with respect to prior similar situations and their outcomes. Wisdom is what I like to call acquired knowledge over time and experience. Wisdom is often associated with a formal education. On the other hand, you may not be formally educated, but still considered wise. As wisdom is acquired, situations are looked at in a different light. Let’s use children as an example. As babies and small children, we view our parents as role models. We emulate them as we get older. When most children reach adolescence, they think they are grown, know everything, and their parents don’t know anything. They can’t wait to get out on their own so they don’t have to follow any of those constricting rules placed upon them by their parents while they live under their parent’s roof. For the children that venture out on their own and either without their parent’s help or with just enough help to get set up, reality hits rather quickly. Out on their own, children start to see ju...

Peer Pressure Essay

Peer pressure persuades one to do something that one does not want to do. But maybe you want to do it, and you just don’t have the courage to do it and your friends talk you into it. Peer Pressure can be good peer pressure or bad peer pressure. Bad peer pressure makes one do something that one does not want to do. One of the major problems with peer pressure is that one is forced into doing something one does not want to do. Usually, people get backed into a situation to try illegal drugs, alcohol, and cigarettes and these behaviors can become habit forming . If and when someone comes up and offers you one of these substances, it is your decision whether you want to try or continue to use these substances.. Good peer pressure, on the other hand, is being pushed into something that you didn’t have the courage to do or just didn’t cross your mind to do. It seems to me like a good thing to do. Good peer pressure can also be a situation when our friends convince us not to do something we were going to do because it wasn’t in our best interest. Some people say that good peer pressure is when you get pushed into something that you don’t want to do , but it turns out well. When we have to make these big decisions, it is important to think before deciding. We must think about whether we want to do it, think about whether you should, and finally think about the consequences. These are the important things we must do before taking any big decision. If the person advises us is not our friend, we must really consider what he wants us to do. When we think of peer pressure we always think of it in terms of â€Å"bad†. We think of peer pressure in terms of pressure to; smoke, do illicit drugs, drink alcohol, engage in criminal and quasi-criminal behaviour, do violence, join gangs, etc†¦ We rarely think of the many â€Å"good† ways that peer pressure can influence us – and neither do the parents of teens! In fact it is essential to proper social development that we do learn to â€Å"follow the crowd†. This is how we learn acceptable social norms; that is, how we are expected to act in the world in order to be good people. The difference between good peer pressure and bad peer pressure can be summed up in a simple comparison – when it is good, you are a member of the crowd; when it is bad, you are part of a mob. If peer pressure is telling you to do something without questioning why, to do something you know is wrong, or to do something you feel uncomfortable doing it is safe to say this is bad. This is the kind of behaviour that leads to a â€Å"mob mentality†, that is when the group is acting as one and no one seems to be thinking about consequences or outcome. If peer pressure is telling you to act in a generally appropriate way, to do the right thing when you may not otherwise, or to do more good than harm it is safe to say this is good. Peer pressure help you analyze yourself and contemplate on your ways of life. If you are fortunate to get a good peer group, your peers can play a vital role in the shaping of your personality. Their way of looking at life may influence you to change for betterment. Some of your peers are your close friends, who do not pressurize you to do things but rather inspire you to change yourself. Your peer group may actually persuade you to bring about a constructive change in your personality. Peer pressure can lead you to make the right choices in life. Thus peer pressure is more beneficial than harmful.

How Personal Differences and Preference Can Impact Organizational Ethics Essay

1. Discuss how personal differences and preference can impact organizational ethics. Ethics norms for conduct are that distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable behavior. Also ethics is one of the important things in any kind of organization, and there are values and principles that help individuals distinguish right from wrong. Ethics depend on personality such as every single person has their own personality which based on culture and the way person was raised. Most of the human repeat their parents’ behavior. They watch how their parents act in this or another situation and the same thing they will do in the future. On the other hand, some people refused to respond this behavior and just fallow their own personality. In the broadest sense, ethics refers to the study of moral values, principles, and rules, including the determination of standards of conduct and obligations for individuals and organizations. Although most people acquire their sense of right and wrong during childhood, moral development occurs throughout life and human beings pass through different stages of growth as they mature. Personal differences and preference can impact organizational ethics no matter where you are going to work in the world you will come across a multitude of individual differences and preferences. An individual difference does not affect the individual alone, but everyone around them in an organization. In an organization, there is no way an individual can be treated the same way as the other employees because everyone’s personality is difference. Personal differences and preference in organizations also demonstrate the standard of ethics held by those shaping the culture — whether that standard is articulated in an ethics manual or deduced from behavior, or made visible in the gap between the two. Think of an organization as another ‘being’ with its own set of ethics, which may or may not coincide with each employee’s ethics. While it’s true that organizations are run by people, organizational cultures (and market standards) often seem to take on a life of their own, thus influencing or regulating the behavior of the vast majority of people in them. Interestingly, in an InformationWeek Research survey of 250 Information-Technology and business professionals, only 54-percent say they have a personal code for evaluating the ethical and moral implications of business decisions. Of those who do, 67-percent say it’s based on their company’s code of conduct; only personal experience polled higher (70%). Other studies show that more and more  companies are appointing ethics officers, while high percentages of their employees say they routinely observe unethical behavior at work and are fearful of reporting it. 2. Discuss how organizational policies and procedures can impact ethics. Organizational policies and procedures can impact ethics because good they should be developed and based on good moral ethics. It is an organizations expectation that its employees will know the policies and abide by them. Organizational policies and procedures are usually depending on a guide of company. A guide communicates to the employees witch considered right or wrong. He or she often plays a positive role to make a strong company in ethics and behavior. However, it can also have a negative effect on employees’ behavior which follows organizational ethics. For example, most of the companies create organizational policies and procedures which help employees to do the right decisions. This kind of companies which have organizational policies inspires their employees to do better work and as a result they get a higher position in performance and profits. Also this method make employees make there goals what they planned to rich however all these benefits strengthen the relationship between the organization and all those involved directly or indirectly to its activities. On the other hand, some time in companies you meet people who try to involved organizational politics and procedures, and this kind of personality is a problem for organization. It is because they think organizational politics and procedures of company don’t impact in their personality. Individuals like this can eventually bring a company to bankruptcy. For instance, an employee that does not agree with a company’s policy on property rights may decide to communicate confidential information to a competitor. In brief, organizational policies and procedures are important for any company. It will help managers to do the job and employees will make right decisions. 3. Discuss the ethical dilemmas that Valerie is facing. Valeria Young was a marketing manager at an international cosmetics and fragrance company Wisson. Valerie did not have a U.S. green card, only a special working visa, which allows non–U.S. citizens with unique skills to work in this country for a certain amount of time. Also, the company which she was work on it sponsored her for master degree in Chicago University. The ethical dilemma what Valeria had been facing in Wisson that while she was working there, and she discovered that her boss had been receiving kickbacks from the two fragrance companies around $35.000. This situation was stressful for her because she didn’t know what the right decision. She asked herself should she sacrifice her carrier, education, status, and her coworkers’ future for unethical behavior of her boss. The decision she made would influence her co-workers lives as well as her own. What about ethics? The manager of company Wisson Lionel Waters was a constant example of how not to be ethical in handling business and employees. Instead of being a leader who would help activate ethics mindfulness in others, he was the polar opposite. Some time he canceled meetings or did not show up at all, some of the company’s money was spent for his own good. Waters had never care about his employees or their jobs, all what was he care about it his own successes. To know all of this it was a hard decision for Valeria, she wished she had never seen those papers. It would have been much easier for her to continue her work as usual. 4. Recommend what Valerie should do. Valerie situation is reminding me of immigrants and international students like me. I consider myself to strong ethical person, but if I will in the same situation like she was, I probably will do the same thing. The ethical dilemmas that Valerie was facing were not only about right or wrong, but her decision would affect her job security, interpersonal relations at work, immigration status including her stay in the country, career development including education advancement, promotion, and economic conditions.

Sampoong Disaster research paper Essays

Sampoong Disaster research paper Essays Sampoong Disaster research paper Essay Sampoong Disaster research paper Essay There have always been extreme groups of people who wish to do harm to others, and this certainly inflicted a great deal of harm to the citizens of Seoul. It also bore some telltale characteristics of terrorist attacks, such as the fact that there was no obvious cause of the collapse. An internal explosion, perhaps from a terrorist bomb, would have accounted for why the building fell, but upon investigation, it was revealed that there were only small fires fueled by gasoline from cars in the parking garage as opposed to the huge infernos that usually accompany bomb blasts. Sampson) Also, the debris from the structure fell straight down instead of outward, like an explosion would have caused, so a terrorist attack was quickly ruled out. (Superstore Collapse) With this news, investigators would need to look to the structure itself for answers. The building was constructed in the late sasss and was completed in 1989. (Mclean, Anderson, Petersen, Del voice) It was originally planned to be an office building, but late in construction, the owners opted to change their structure into a department store-a fact that would later prove to be vital to the case. Superstore Collapse) The building was built on an old landfill site, so the integrity of the foundation was obviously suspect to failure, but after in depth testing, it was revealed that the alluding had a solid foundation that remained in place and did not fail. (Mclean, Anderson, Petersen, Del voice) Investigators began to research into the history of the structure, which they learned had originally been planned as office space. The sasss were booming for South Korea. Their economy was rapidly growing, and Seoul was to host the 1988 Olympic Games. (Mclean, Anderson, Petersen, Del voice) The combination of these two factors led to a boom in construction in the late sasss (the era that the Sampson Department Store was constructed) that was too great for the builders of Seoul to Andre, and since international construction firms were not allowed to sign contracts, the firms in Seoul were overloaded and as a result, many buildings had cut corners and were less than desirable. Mclean, Anderson, Petersen, Del voice) to build the entire office building, but after Sampson executives proposed drastic changes in the plans, the situation was complicated. The owners of the building decided they wanted to change the building into a department store, which meant they would need escalators on each floor. This meant cutting into the main columns supporting the structure. On top of this, they wanted to add a fifth floor to house a skating ring, to which the Housing crew refused, saying that the building wouldnt support the changes. Superstore Collapse) They were fired and an in house construction company was hired to finish the Job. They carried out the changes, and accidentally MIS-aligned the columns on the fifth floor with the columns below, so instead of the weight being shifted straight down the columns and into the ground, the weight was shifted across the 5th floor and down to the fourth floor columns. (Superstore Collapse) The building was changed to a department store, with awakened columns and the added load of a fifth floor. Mclean, Anderson, Petersen, Del voice) On top of this, Sampson executives changed their minds again later, changing the top floor into 8 traditional Korean restaurants instead of a skating ring. Since Korean tradition is to eat on the floor, the floor had to be thickened by 4 feet to allow for heavy heating elements, which pushed the building dangerously close to its limit. (Superstore Collapse) The faults were adding up and pointed to a general disregard for building codes and safety, but there was still no definite answer for what caused the collapse until a reengineering discovery was made. Three 1 5-ton air conditioning units on the roof (which was of insufficient width to hold that much weight) (Mclean, Anderson, Petersen, Del voice) had been re-positioned some 2 years earlier. Standard practice would have been to hire professionals with expensive cranes to lift the units, and gently set them down into their new positions, but in order to cut costs, they were placed on rollers and dragged across the roof. (Mclean, Anderson, Petersen, Del voice) This caused an enormous amount of weight to shift across the whole roof, causing tress, fractures and huge visible cracks throughout the concrete slab. Mclean, Anderson, Petersen, Del voice) After vibrations from the badly placed air conditioning units caused the cracks to widen over the years, the building finally reached its breaking point on that tragic day. The Sampson building had been planned as office space, but late in construction, executives decided to change the building into a department store. After firing Housing Construction for refusing to carry out the changes, an in house construction company was hired. The columns were weakened to allow for escalators, ND the columns added to the slab above the 4th floor were not aligned with the columns below. The heaviest floor in the building was added on top of these MIS- aligned columns, and on the roof, the heavy air conditioning units. After they were dragged across the insufficient roof, huge fractures in the slab should have warned Sampson executives that they had a problem, but instead of taking action, they simply ignored the huge structural flaw for 2 years. For 2 years, every time the air conditioning units turned on, workers reported feeling the whole building vibrate; Hess vibrations caused the cracks in the roof and 5th floor slab to widen around the MIS-aligned columns. Oases coming from the upper levels of the building, but he took no action. Workers reported huge cracks in the fifth floor slab that had formed overnight and the sagging ceiling that morning, but instead of closing the whole building, only sections of the fifth floor were closed. (Superstore Collapse) A meeting was held behind closed doors between the building owner, the structural engineer who oversaw const ruction of the building and the store manager. Superstore Collapse) The engineer urged the en to close the store immediately for urgent repairs, as he believed the building was in danger of collapse, but the men ignored his warnings (although they themselves were allowed to go home early after that meeting). A few hours later, at about 5:50 p. M. , a powerful showplace shook the whole building. Workers sounded alarms to evacuate the building, but by now it was too late. At 5:57 p. M. The roof around the air conditioning units gave way, and the air conditioning units crashed down onto the already overloaded and weakened 5th floor. This caused each floor to pancake down onto the floor beneath it, and in 20 seconds, the building had gone from a 5-story superstore to a pile of rubble with almost 1 500 people trapped inside. This event shook South Korea to the core, where intensive building code modifications were made. It was discovered that 14% of Korean buildings were unsafe, while 84% needed repair work. Only 2% of the buildings in Korea were up to par with the new building codes. The Sampson Department Store was only one of the 14% of the buildings in Korea that were unsafe at the time, and this event brought that into the publics eye.

Whats the Average SAT Essay Score

What's the Average SAT Essay Score SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You've gotten back your SAT scores. On your score report, there's information about how you did on Evidence-Based Reading and Writing and Math, compared to students in the previous year's graduating class who took the SAT. But what about your essay? How does your essay score compare to everyone else? There's no percentile information for that in the score report. Find out what an average SAT essay score looks like (and how you stack up) in this article! feature image credit: FLL Small, Medium, Large Trophies by David Luders, used under CC BY 2.0/Cropped from original. What’s an Average SAT Essay Score? First, a quick reminder about how SAT essays are scored: two graders score each SAT essay on a scale of 1-4 across three different dimensions: Reading Analysis Writing Summed together, this means your score can range between 2 and 8 for each area. There is no longer one single "total" SAT essay score, just Reading, Analysis, and Writing essay scores. Logically, it would seem that the average SAT essay score in each domain should be a 5 (since that's halfway between 2 and 8). The most recent SAT essay score data bears this out except when it comes to the Analysis dimension. The average SAT essay score for students graduating high school in 2018 was 5 out of 8 for Reading, 4 out of 8 for Analysis, and 5 out of 8 for Writing (source: CollegeBoard 2018 Total Group Report). To get a better idea of how frequently different essay scores were assigned, I created several different SAT essay score distribution charts that show how many students got each essay score for Reading, Analysis, and Writing. The data in this first chart shows the distribution of scores across all three dimensions for students who graduated high school in 2018. Distribution of SAT Essay Scores for the 2018 Graduating Class (data source for all graphs: CollegeBoard) From this chart, we can see that there's the same general trend for the numbers of students who got various Reading and Writing scores, while there's something quite different going on with Analysis scores. Let's separate these scores out into separate graphs, starting with Reading and Writing essay scores. Distribution of SAT Essay Reading Scores for the 2018 Graduating Class Distribution of SAT Essay Writing Scores for the 2018 Graduating Class If you compare the graphs for the distribution of Reading and Writing scores, you'll see a striking similarity between them when it comes to how many students got each score on Reading and Writing. There's a huge drop-off from the middle range of scores (4-6) to the upper and lower ends of the scale, and by far most students get a 6/8 in these areas. Because so many people score towards the middle on SAT Essay Reading and Writing scores, it's safe to say that if you score a 3 or below, your essay score is definitely lower than average; if you score a 5-6, your score is pretty average; and if you score a 7 or above, your score is significantly higher than average. Things are a little murkier when it comes to the Analysis essay scores. Let's take a look. Distribution of SAT Essay Analysis Scores for the 2018 Graduating Class In contrast to the trend for Reading and Writing scores, Analysis scores are heavily skewed toward the bottom of the scale. Even though the average Analysis score for 2018 was a 4 out of 8 (which is towards the middle), the Analysis score the most students received was 2 out of 8. Why did so many students score lower on Analysis, while still managing to do okay on Reading and Writing? The most likely answer is that the Analysis dimension is the part of the SAT essay task that is most different from what students have had to do on other standardized test essays. Instead of giving their opinion on the passage in the SAT essay prompt, students are asked to analyze the author's opinion. While this analysis is pretty straightforward once you manage to wrap your mind around it, it is very different from what students had to do on the old SAT essay (and what students are still asked to do on the ACT essay) and other standardized essays like DBQs. Because of the different trends for Analysis scores on the SAT essay, an Analysis score of a 6 or above puts you well above average; a score of 3-5 is solidly middle of the pack; and a score of 2 is low. If you did get a 2/8 Analysis score, the good news is that you can most likely boost it to at least a 4 (if not a 6 or higher) by reviewing these 15 SAT essay tips. When colleges look at your SAT scores, however, they usually won't look at your essay scores all by themselves. Most schools look at your overall SAT score first, your Evidence-Based Reading and Writing and Math scores next, and your essay scores last (if they care about your SAT essay scores at all). This leads into my next point... How Much Does My Essay Score Matter? Because your essay score no longer affects your Writing section score on the SAT, the importance of the SAT Essay has decreased significantly. More and more schools are dropping the requirement for students to submit SAT with Essay scores entirely, and schools that do require the SAT Essay often place much less importance on your essay score than on your other SAT scores. Still, there are highly competitive programs and schools that use SAT scores to place students in the appropriate level classes that require students to submit SAT Essay scores. For these kinds of schools, while your SAT essay score still won't matter as much as almost any other part of your application, you'll still want to aim for a high enough score that you're not immediately disqualified (or so that you don't get bumped down into remedial writing). So what's the average SAT essay score you should target for more competitive schools? Our advice is to aim for at least a 6 out of 8 on Reading, Analysis, and Writing. Higher essay scores (particularly on the Analysis dimension) are even better, but a 6 out of 8 shows that you have above-average writing skills on a standardized essay written at the end of a multi-hour test. In cases where admissions offices might wonder if your application's personal statement was a fluke, your SAT essay scores can confirm that you do have a certain level of writing ability. And the SAT essay rubric requirements to get a 6 out of 8 on each section are a pretty reasonable minimum standard for colleges to expect students to meet. What If My SAT Essay Scores Are Below Average? If you're struggling to get a 4 or above on each SAT essay section, don't despair- you're not alone, and there is hope. Start by reading our collection of SAT essay blog articles. I recommend starting with our introduction to the new SAT essay prompts, our SAT essay tips article, and our explanation of the SAT essay rubric. Next, follow along as I write an SAT essay, step-by-step. With these four articles, you'll learn just what is required to excel in each dimension of the SAT essay and how to approach reading the prompt, analyzing the passage, and writing the essay. For further help, you can take a look at how to create your own SAT essay templates and how to get a perfect 8/8/8 score on the SAT essay. If you're struggling with identifying how the authors of SAT essay prompts build their argument, we also go into the six most common argumentative essay devices. Finally, if you think you'd benefit from more personalized feedback on your essay writing, you might want to try out PrepScholar SAT. You'll get to write essays on official SAT essay prompts and receive feedback from graders on what you're doing well and how you can improve and boost your score to the next level. What’s Next? Now that you know what an average SAT essay score is, what should be your target? Learn more with our article on what a good SAT essay score is for you. Discover what the relationship is between SAT essay length and essay score here! Do you need to submit an SAT essay score for the schools you're applying to? Find out if your schools are on the list of schools requiring the SAT with essay here. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep classes. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our classes are entirely online, and they're taught by SAT experts. If you liked this article, you'll love our classes. Along with expert-led classes, you'll get personalized homework with thousands of practice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step, custom program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Try it risk-free today:

Pupil Annaual Progress Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Pupil Annaual Progress Report - Essay Example Recent assessment has shown that she has moved one levelr up and has secured level P3(ii) in communication and exploring and ordering the world (science and maths) of the level underpinning the National Curriculum. The prediction for the next year is that she will achieved level P4 in communication as she has already showning the ability which underpins this assessment level. Aaishah has increased her attention to regularly used objects in familiar activities. Within the year’s progress, As the year has progressed, Aaishah has developed an increasing awareness thatbecome increasingly more aware that her activities have expected steps and that she needs to keepbe active within them. She has become more consistent in using objects in the ways in which they are intended forto be used. Aaishah has become more consistent in carrying out independent actions within familiar activities such as reaching out for the morning parachute, holding the register, looking at a drum, putting items back in the finish box, and looking at the washing up bowl when getting ready to put her cup away. She has shown that she knows what the next steps in several of her activities are. Aaishah has continued to respond more positively to clear firm instructions from adults when taking part in less motivational activities. She has continued to become more responsive to clear fa cial expressions indicating praise or â€Å"stop†/†no† from familiar adults. Also, she and has developed an ability to can give a cheeky smile when she has tryingied to avoid something or deviated from thea routine. Recentlyisentlly, Aaishah has becomebecame consistent in carrying out independent actions within familiar activities, such as reaching out for the morning parachute, tapping a drum, putting items back in the finish box when adults indicate it is time to finish. In addition, Sshe

Mitigation and risk reduction (case) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mitigation and risk reduction (case) - Essay Example Despite the wide range of techniques initiated since the Lisbon earthquake, the increased population density in mega cities has impeded the efficacy of all those tactics. In addition to urbanization, there are several other impediments to preventive strategies. This paper tends to explore various elements that hamper disaster prevention programs in mega cities. Although earthquake is a natural phenomenon that cannot be averted, we can take some precautions in order to mitigate the destructive potential of its aftermath. The invention of Richter scale has enabled us for computing the magnitude of earthquakes. Today, it is possible to identify frequently earthquake occurring places and the intensity of every earthquake. Modern facilities such as earthquake alarming systems are some of the advancements in this area. However, lack of improved infrastructural deterrence techniques often affects the effectiveness of disaster prevention in mage cities. According to census reports published by Government of Maharashtra (2000) in 1991, 60% of the registered buildings in Mumbai were made up of non-engineered materials such as informal masonry. It is important to note that Mumbai is categorized under seismic zone 3, which indicates the high vulnerability to the occurrence of devastating earthquakes. The earthquake history of Mumbai reflects that large number of earthquakes occurred across different parts of the city during the last century and even in the last two years. Severe losses had not been reported until 1967 when one attacked Koyna region of Mumbai with a magnitude of 6.3. Large number of buildings was destroyed at this calamity. Damages of such sorts can be avoided to a large extent only if the city employs geotechnical guidelines for the disaster prevention. The Earthquakes and Megacities Initiative (EMI) reports that â€Å"poor governance structures, lack of awareness, and poor professional standards and ethics† are some of the major impediments for dis aster prevention in mega cities (cited in Wenzel, 2006). Poor governance implies that different communities and sectors of the society do not cooperate with one another in order to mitigate the impacts of the calamity. Impediments associated with poor governance are reflected in 2004 Indian ocean earthquake. Its magnitude was between 9.1 and 9.3 and it was recorded as one of the deadliest disasters of world history, which killed nearly 230,000 people (Online Colleges, 2010). The death rate would not have exceeded 200,000 if the various social capital of a community such as media, business, and other civil organizations had coordinately involved in rescue activities. Hence, it is advisable to design proper mechanisms for the effective communication between various social sectors as it would ensure disaster effects mitigation rather effortlessly. Similarly, paucity of awareness and poor knowledge about risk factor remain to be the major constraint to disaster prevention in mega cities . Evidently, urban people do not have proper awareness regarding the occurrence of earthquakes, and hence they do not know how to respond to such situations. This lack of awareness amplifies the intensity of the calamity since the people in mega cities get totally confused and distorted during such events. For instance, the impact of 2010 Chile earthquake can be attributed to lack of awareness or poor knowledge. This earthquake continued for three minutes with a magnitude